What Is Patellofemoral Stabilization Surgery?
Patellofemoral stabilization surgery is a specialized orthopedic procedure designed tocorrect instability of the kneecap (patella). This condition occurs when the patella slips outof its normal position in the groove of the thigh bone (femur), leading topain, weakness,and recurrent dislocations.
The goal of surgery is to restore proper alignment and tracking of the kneecap, improveknee stability, and prevent future dislocations—allowing patients to return to an active,pain-free lifestyle.
What Causes Patellar Instability?
Patellar instability can develop due to a combination of anatomical and functional factors, including:
- Previous kneecap dislocations or subluxations
- Weakness or imbalance in the thigh muscles
- Abnormal knee alignment (high Q angle or“knock knees”)
- Shallow or irregular groove in the femur
- Ligament injury or laxity
- Flat feet or biomechanical issues
When the kneecap does not track properly, it can lead to cartilage damage, chronic pain, and reduced knee function over time.
When Is Surgery Recommended?
Surgery may be recommended if:
- You experiencerecurrent kneecap dislocations
- Non-surgical treatments (physical therapy, bracing) have failed
- You have persistent knee pain or instability
- Imaging shows structural abnormalities contributingto instability
In many cases, surgery is reserved for patients with repeated instability or those at high risk for recurrence.
Types of Patellofemoral Stabilization Procedures
Treatment is highly individualized and may include one or more of thefollowingtechniques:
Medial Patellofemoral Ligament (MPFL)
ReconstructionThe most common procedure, MPFL reconstruction involves creating a new ligament tohelp guide the kneecap back into proper alignment and prevent dislocation.
Tibial TubercleTransfer (TTT)
This procedure repositions the attachment of the patellar tendon to improve alignment andreduce stress on the kneecap.
Lateral Release
Tight tissues on the outer side of the knee are released to allow the kneecap to move morenaturally within the groove.
Realignment Procedures
Both soft tissue and bony techniques may be used to correct the overall alignment of theknee and optimize patellar tracking.
What to Expect During Surgery
Patellofemoral stabilization surgery is typically performed under general or regional anaesthesia. During the procedure:
- Small incisions are made around the knee
- The surgeon evaluates the alignment and structures
- The appropriate stabilization or realignment technique is performed
- The knee is carefully repaired and closed
Most procedures are outpatient or require only a short hospital stay.
Recovery and Rehabilitation
Recovery is a critical part of achieving optimal results. While timelines vary, most patients can expect:
- First few weeks: Use of crutches and limitedweight-bearing
- 4–8 weeks: Gradual increase in mobility and strength
- 2–3 months: Improved function with ongoing physical therapy
- 4–6 months: Return to sports and high-level activities
A structured physical therapy program is essential to restore strength, stability, and range of motion.
Benefits of Patellofemoral Stabilization Surgery
- Improved knee stability
- Reduced risk of future dislocations
- Decreased pain and swelling
- Enhanced athletic performance and mobility
- Long-term joint preservation
Risks and Considerations
As with any surgical procedure, there are potential risks, including:
- Infection
- Blood clots
- Stiffness or limited motion
- Over-or under-correction
- Need for additionalprocedures
Your surgeon will discuss all risks and determine the safest, most effective treatment plan for your condition.
Why Choose Cris Beiro, MD?
At Cris Beiro, MD, we specialize in advanced knee preservation and sports medicine procedures. Our approach focuses on:
- Accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plans
- Minimally invasive techniques when possible
- Comprehensive rehabilitation support
- Helping patients safely return to the activities they love
Schedule a Consultation
If you are experiencing knee instability or repeated kneecap dislocations, patellofemoral stabilization surgery may be the solution.
Contact our office today to schedule a consultation and learn more about your treatment options.
